New technology??? CRISPR, the technology behind the Pfizer/BioNtec and Moderna vaccines, was first published in 1987. The first application proposing a role of CRISPR in immunity response was published in 2005.
This is the first time an mRNA vaccine has been approved. Of course they didn't just work overtime one weekend in 2020 and come up with a new branch of vaccines
I appreciate that you acknowledge that they did not came up with them overnight. However, mRNA injection is not new either. They were first tested in animals in 1990.
I point this out for people reading this who truly think these vaccines were rushed from the ground up.
The first successful transfection of mRNA packaged within a liposomal nanoparticle into a cell was published in 1989.[15][16] "Naked" (or unprotected) mRNA was injected a year later into the muscle of mice.[3][17] These studies were the first evidence that in vitro transcribed mRNA could deliver the genetic information to produce proteins within living cell tissue[3] and led to the concept proposal of messenger RNA vaccines.[18][19]
Liposome-encapsulated mRNA was shown in 1993 to stimulate T-cells in mice,[20][21] and mRNA proved useful two years later to elicit both humoral and cellular immune response against a pathogen.[3][22][23]
A ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccine or messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response. The vaccine transfects molecules of synthetic RNA into immunity cells, where the vaccine functions as mRNA, causing the cells to build foreign protein that would normally be produced by a pathogen (such as a virus) or by a cancer cell. These protein molecules stimulate an adaptive immune response which teaches the body to identify and destroy the corresponding pathogen or cancer cells.
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u/vic06 Aug 08 '21
New technology??? CRISPR, the technology behind the Pfizer/BioNtec and Moderna vaccines, was first published in 1987. The first application proposing a role of CRISPR in immunity response was published in 2005.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR
Mojica, F.J., DÃez-Villaseñor, C., GarcÃa-MartÃnez, J. et al. Intervening Sequences of Regularly Spaced Prokaryotic Repeats Derive from Foreign Genetic Elements. J Mol Evol 60, 174–182 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-004-0046-3